Proven Benefits of Using a Flow Hive in Beekeeping

Picture this: a bright sunny day, a hum of bees in the air, and there you are, collecting honey in your garden without a suit of armor or a smoke canister in sight. Welcome to the world of Flow Hives, the game-changer of backyard beekeeping. In this article, we’ll explore the sweet benefits of using a Flow Hive and why this innovative design might just have you saying ‘bee mine’ to a colony of your own.

You see, Flow Hives are the bee’s knees, quite literally! They offer a simpler, more humane method of harvesting honey that is as kind to the bees as it is convenient for us. No more smoke, no more stress, just pure, fresh honey on tap. Intrigued? Stick with me as I dive into the buzz around this revolution in beekeeping. Whether you’re an experienced apiarist or a newbie drawn by the tantalizing prospect of homemade honey, we’ve got the scoop (or should we say, the pour) on why Flow Hives are creating such a buzz in backyards across the globe. So, grab a cup of tea (and perhaps a slice of toast with honey), sit back, and let me take you on this sweet journey.

Flow Hives: Revolutionizing Honey Extraction with Minimal Disruption

The Flow Hive is a revolutionary beekeeping system that fundamentally altered the way honey is harvested. Invented by father and son team Stuart and Cedar Anderson in Australia, it was introduced to the world through a wildly successful crowdfunding campaign on Indiegogo in 2015. What set the Flow Hive apart from traditional methods was its ability to collect honey directly from the hive without disrupting the bees, a feature that was both innovative and appealed to a broader audience than traditional beekeeping methods.

Simplifying Honey Extraction

Traditional beekeeping requires the beekeeper to open the hive, smoke the bees, remove the frames, scrape off the wax cap, and spin the frames in a centrifuge to extract the honey. This process is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and can stress the bees. The Andersons’ invention, the Flow Hive, sought to simplify this process. It incorporated specially designed plastic frames that allowed bees to fill cells with honey and cap it off. When the frames were full, the beekeeper could turn a lever, causing the frames to split vertically inside each cell, which created channels for the honey to flow down into a sealed trough and out of the hive directly into a collection vessel.

Impact and Controversy

The Flow Hive’s design allowed for easier, less stressful harvesting of honey, and it was touted as a more humane and efficient method of beekeeping. Its introduction sparked a renewed interest in beekeeping, especially among urban dwellers and hobbyists who were attracted by the simpler, less invasive method of honey extraction. However, it also sparked controversy within traditional beekeeping circles. Critics argued that it promoted a ‘hands-off’ approach to beekeeping that could potentially neglect the health and welfare of the bee colony.

Evolution and Models

Since its introduction, the Flow Hive has continued to evolve. It now comes in several different models, including the Flow Hive Classic, Flow Hive Hybrid, Flow Hive 2, and Flow Hive 2+, each offering unique features designed to accommodate a range of beekeeping needs and preferences. The Andersons’ invention has also inspired other advancements in beekeeping technology, pushing the boundaries of what is possible in this ancient practice. Despite the controversy, the Flow Hive has undeniably made a significant impact on the world of beekeeping, changing the way many people interact with and care for their bee colonies. It has introduced a whole new demographic to the art of beekeeping, from urbanites living in high-rises to young families wanting to teach their children about nature’s wonders.

Educational and Observational Benefits

The Flow Hive’s innovative design has not only simplified honey harvesting but also provided a window into the bees’ intricate world. Many models come with an observation window, allowing beekeepers and onlookers to watch the bees as they work, which has proven to be an educational tool as much as a functional one.

Dialogue and Bee Health

Despite some pushback from traditional beekeepers, the Flow Hive has also opened up dialogue about best practices in beekeeping and the importance of bee health. It has started conversations about sustainable beekeeping and the critical role bees play in our ecosystem, particularly as pollinators. As a result, even those who choose to stick with traditional beekeeping methods have been prompted to reassess their practices and consider new ways to ensure the well-being of their bees.

Beyond Beekeeping: Lessons in Innovation

The Flow Hive’s impact extends beyond beekeeping itself. Its success story has demonstrated the power of crowdfunding and the potential of grassroots innovation to disrupt traditional industries. It serves as an example of how a simple idea, driven by a desire to improve upon established methods, can revolutionize an entire practice.

The Innovation Behind the Flow Hive Design

The Flow Hive design presents a substantial leap in beekeeping technology. A product of over a decade’s worth of development by father-son duo Stuart and Cedar Anderson, the Flow Hive integrates traditional beekeeping methods with modern innovation.

The Mechanics of Flow Hive

The Flow Hive, much like traditional hives, is composed of various parts including the brood box, the super, and the frames. However, the significant difference lies within the Flow Frames that are used in the super (honey storage area).

Flow Frames

In a conventional hive, you have to remove the frames, uncap the honeycomb, and use a centrifugal extractor to remove the honey. The Flow Hive, on the other hand, uses specially designed plastic Flow Frames that have partially formed honeycomb cells.

Bees complete these cells with their own wax, fill them with honey, and cap them as they would in a traditional hive. But the magic of the Flow Hive lies in its ability to harvest honey directly from the hive with minimal disturbance to the bees.

Once the bees have capped the cells, a unique key is inserted into the top of the Flow Frame. This key is used to turn a mechanism that splits the cells vertically, creating a channel for the honey to flow down. The honey then streams into a sealed trough at the base of the frame, and out of the hive through a tube directly into a jar. This process happens without disturbing the bees on the surface of the comb.

The Benefits and Controversies

Flow Hive not only brings convenience to the beekeeping process but also significantly reduces stress on the bees during honey extraction. The bees are not disturbed, and the hive remains intact, which is better for the bee’s health and hive stability.

However, the Flow Hive has also sparked some controversy. Critics argue that it encourages a ‘hands-off’ approach to beekeeping, which might lead to neglect of necessary hive management tasks, such as inspecting for diseases or pests. Furthermore, some beekeepers believe that plastic is not a suitable material for bees, and prefer the traditional wax comb.

Despite these concerns, there is no doubt that the Flow Hive represents a fascinating step forward in the evolution of beekeeping tools. It demonstrates how technology can be used to simplify traditional practices while also promoting sustainability and animal welfare.

Advantages of Flow Hives in Beekeeping

Flow Hives: Revolutionizing Honey Extraction with Minimal Disruption

The Flow Hive has emerged as a transformative tool that streamlines the traditional honey extraction process. This innovative system has proven to be a boon for both the bees and the beekeeper, minimizing disturbance to the hive and making honey harvesting a more efficient and less laborious task.

Traditional Honey Extraction Methods

Traditionally, beekeepers had to go through the arduous process of smoking the bees, removing the frames, uncapping the honey-filled cells, spinning the frames in a centrifuge to extract the honey, and then returning the frames to the hive. This method was not only time-consuming and labor-intensive but also caused significant stress to the bees, often leading to decreased honey production and a weakened colony.

The Flow Hive Solution

The Flow Hive technology takes a radically different approach. It introduces a novel, less intrusive way of extracting honey that entirely bypasses the need for smoking and removal of frames. The Flow Hive’s unique design allows honey to be harvested directly from the hive without disturbing the bees. The bees continue their essential work, oblivious to the sweet harvest happening below them.

Mechanism of the Flow Hive

The mechanism behind this ingenious system lies in the specially designed, partially formed honeycomb cells. The bees complete these cells with their own wax, then fill them with honey, before capping them off. Once the cells are capped, the beekeeper can turn a key, triggering the cells to split vertically inside the comb. This causes the honey to flow down into a sealed trough and out of the hive into a collection jar – all without opening the hive or disturbing the bees.

Benefits of Flow Hive Extraction

This method of extraction is not only less stressful for the bees but also significantly reduces the workload for the beekeeper. No additional extraction equipment is required, and there’s no need for heavy lifting, which makes the process more accessible and less physically demanding. Plus, the honey extracted via the Flow Hive method is exceptionally clean as it doesn’t undergo the traditional extraction process that often introduces foreign particles.

Observation and Learning Opportunities

One additional benefit of the Flow Hive is the opportunity it provides for beekeepers to observe and learn about the behaviors and cycles of their bees. The Flow Hive features an observation window, which allows beekeepers to monitor their bees without intrusion. This can lead to a better understanding of the hive’s health and productivity, further enhancing the beekeeping experience.

The Pivotal Role of Flow Hives in Enhancing Bee Health

Flow Hives have transformed beekeeping by introducing a revolutionary yet intuitive approach to honey extraction and hive management. One of the primary advantages of employing Flow Hive technology is the noticeable improvement in bee health. This upgrade has stemmed from the drastic changes in hive inspection methods and the reduction of environmental exposure risks for the bees.

Reducing Stress and Promoting Bee Health

In traditional beekeeping practices, the process of hive inspection has often proven to be a stressful ordeal for the bee colonies. The disassembly of the hive and the disruption of the bees’ living space can induce significant stress among the bees, which in turn escalates the risk of bee infections. By contrast, the advent of Flow Hive technology has brought about a paradigm shift in how hive inspections are conducted, resulting in healthier, less stressed bee colonies.

Efficient and Non-Invasive Inspection Approach

Flow Hives are designed to make the hive inspection process more efficient, with minimal disturbance to the bees. With the innovative design of the Flow Hive, beekeepers can now inspect the hive without dismantling it, thus avoiding the undue stress that typically accompanies traditional methods. This non-invasive inspection approach reduces the amount of stress the bees are subjected to, which in turn plays a crucial role in maintaining a healthier hive overall.

Protective Design for Honey Extraction

One of the unique aspects of the Flow Hive design is the encapsulation of the honey extraction process. In traditional hive systems, honey extraction often involves exposing the bees to the external environment, which is fraught with an array of potential threats including predators, parasites, and disease-carrying organisms. This exposure can significantly heighten the risk of infections, thereby threatening the overall health and productivity of the hive.

Mitigating Environmental Exposure Risks

Nevertheless, the closed design of the Flow Hive mitigates this risk by limiting the exposure of the bees to the outside environment. The hive’s construction facilitates honey extraction without necessitating the removal of frames or disturbing the bees, thereby offering a protective environment that shields the bees from potential threats. This aspect of Flow Hives is particularly beneficial in reducing the risk of infections, thus promoting a healthier hive.

Enhanced Honey Production with the Flow Hive

One of the most significant advantages of using a Flow Hive in beekeeping is the potential for a markedly increased yield and productivity of your bee colony. Traditional methods of honey harvesting often involve labor-intensive processes that can span multiple days. This not only puts a strain on the beekeeper but also disrupts the bees in their natural routine. This can lead to less frequent harvests and consequently, lower honey yields.

In contrast, the innovative Flow Hive technology revolutionizes honey extraction by making it substantially faster, efficient, and less intrusive. This ingenious solution is geared towards optimizing the harvesting process, potentially allowing beekeepers to extract honey more frequently. An increase in extraction frequency directly translates into higher honey yields, thereby improving the overall productivity of your beekeeping operation.

Reducing Labor and Simplifying Hive Management

Another noteworthy aspect of the Flow Hive system is how it reduces the amount of physical work required by the beekeeper. Traditional hive inspections can be a laborious task, requiring careful disassembly and reassembly of the hive.

However, the unique design of the Flow Hive allows for a more streamlined inspection process. The hive’s clear end-frame view and central access point make it easier for beekeepers to observe the bees’ activity and check on their well-being without causing significant disruption. This simplicity encourages more frequent inspections, which are crucial in maintaining optimal hive health and ensuring a flourishing bee colony.

Promoting Better Hive Health for Greater Productivity

More frequent inspections facilitated by the Flow Hive don’t just lead to easier beekeeping; they also directly promote better hive health. A healthy hive is a productive hive, and by reducing stress on the bees during inspections and honey extraction, the Flow Hive supports optimal bee health.

A healthy, stress-free bee colony is more likely to produce honey consistently and in larger quantities. Moreover, frequent and non-disruptive inspections allow for early detection of potential issues such as disease or pest infestations. Timely intervention can mitigate these problems, maintaining the health of the hive and ensuring continued productivity.

Flow Hive vs. Traditional Hives

Both Flow Hives and traditional hives such as Langstroth and top-bar hives serve the purpose of providing a sustainable habitat for bees while allowing beekeepers to harvest honey. Nonetheless, they differ significantly in design, ease of honey extraction, and interaction with the bees.

Ease of Honey Extraction

Flow Hive

The Flow Hive’s main advantage is the ease of honey extraction. A beekeeper simply turns a key, which splits the cells in the specially designed plastic honeycomb. The honey then flows down through a tube and directly into a jar. This innovative design eliminates the need for traditional extraction equipment and process, like uncapping knives, extractors, and strainers.

Traditional Hives

In contrast, traditional hives require more arduous and time-consuming extraction methods. The frames must be removed, the bees brushed off, the comb uncapped, and the honey extracted using a centrifuge. It then needs to be strained before it is ready for bottling.

Interaction with Bees

Flow Hive

The Flow Hive allows for less disruptive interaction with the bees. Since the honey extraction process does not involve opening the hive or removing frames, it results in less stress for the bees. However, regular hive inspections are still necessary to check for disease and ensure the health of the colony.

Traditional Hives

With traditional hives, the beekeeper has a more hands-on experience. Regular interaction with the bees is necessary for honey extraction, and it can be argued that this brings the beekeeper closer to the bees and provides more opportunities for monitoring their health.

Impact of Flow Hives on Local Ecosystems

Flow hives, being a relatively new innovation in beekeeping, have raised concerns regarding their potential effects on local ecosystems. These hives may inadvertently alter the natural behavior of bees.

Resource Distribution

Flow hives allow for frequent honey extraction, which might lead to increased honey production by the bees. This could affect local plant pollination as bees might devote more energy towards honey production rather than pollination. The potential decrease in pollination activities might, over time, have a significant impact on local flora populations, given that many plant species rely on bees for pollination.

Bee Health and Behavior

In addition to potential impacts on local plant populations, the use of flow hives may also influence bee health and behavior. The removal of honey without the usual disturbance might change the bees’ perception of their environment, which could affect their behavior and potentially their health. More research is needed to understand the long-term implications of these potential changes.

Impact on Honey Quality and Authenticity

Nutritional Content

The design of flow hives facilitates easy and frequent honey extraction. However, this might lead to an increase in the extraction of immature honey, which has not fully developed its nutritional and medicinal qualities. Regular consumption of immature honey may not provide the same health benefits as mature honey, thereby potentially affecting consumer health.

Authenticity of Honey

The increased extraction frequency might also encourage the adulteration of honey, as beekeepers may be tempted to blend different types of honey or add additives to increase production volume. This not only affects the authenticity of the honey but could also affect the reputation of local honey production.

Training and Learning Curve for Using Flow Hives

The learning curve associated with Flow Hives can be steep, but with the right guidance it’s manageable.

Understanding the Flow Hive

As mentioned, the Flow Hive employs a unique design that allows for honey extraction without the traditional disruptive process of removing the frames or disturbing the bees. It’s essential to understand this technology and how it works. Reading the manufacturer’s manual, watching instructional videos, and engaging in beekeeping communities online can greatly enhance your understanding.

Constructing the Flow Hive

A significant part of the learning process involves assembling the Flow Hive. Although it usually comes with clear instructions, some find it challenging. Familiarize yourself with the components: the brood box, super, Flow Frames, queen excluder, and other parts. With time, the assembly process will become second nature.

Bee Management in Flow Hives

Just as with traditional beekeeping, the bees’ health and welfare should be your primary concern. Regular hive inspections, disease management, and swarm control are crucial aspects of beekeeping, regardless of the hive type you use. It’s crucial to learn these skills from reliable sources like experienced beekeepers, local beekeeping clubs, or reputable online courses.

Harvesting Honey

The Flow Hive’s unique advantage is the ease of harvesting honey. However, understanding when and how to harvest is important. Over-harvesting can leave the colony without enough food for winter, while under-harvesting can cause overcrowding and swarming. Learning to read your bees and their honey production patterns is a key part of the learning curve with Flow Hives.

Dealing with Challenges

Despite the Flow Hive’s benefits, it comes with its own set of challenges. Bees might be slow to take to the plastic Flow Frames, or the frames might become clogged. By joining a beekeeping community or forum, you can learn from others’ experiences and get advice on how to overcome these hurdles.

Remember, beekeeping is a journey, and the learning curve varies for everyone. Practice, patience, and continual learning will gradually make you adept at managing your Flow Hive.

Flow Hive Maintenance and Upkeep

Introduction

Flow Hive maintenance and upkeep may seem daunting to the uninitiated. However, with a little understanding, the process becomes quite manageable. This is a major benefit of the Flow Hive system, which was designed with both the bees’ welfare and the beekeeper’s convenience in mind. This innovative approach to beekeeping allows for easier honey harvesting while reducing stress on the bees, but that doesn’t exempt it from requiring regular care and attention.

Inspection for Hive Pests and Diseases

Regular Hive Checks

Routine inspections are essential for maintaining a healthy hive. Despite the Flow Hive’s sophisticated design, it is not immune to common bee pests and diseases. Regularly checking your hive allows early detection of issues, enabling you to take swift action to resolve them.

Identifying Common Pests and Diseases

Varroa Mites

Varroa mites are one of the most common threats to honeybee colonies worldwide. They are external parasites that feed on bees’ body fluids and can spread dangerous viruses. Regular monitoring for these mites is crucial, and various treatment methods are available.

American Foulbrood

American Foulbrood is a bacterial disease that is highly infectious and deadly to bee broods. Infected larvae typically die in their cells, which then become sunken and dark. A ‘ropey’ larval remains test can confirm the disease, and any hive found with American Foulbrood must be reported to local agricultural authorities.

Implementing Pest and Disease Control Measures

Once a pest or disease is identified, appropriate control measures should be implemented immediately. These measures can range from the use of organic miticides for Varroa mites to the extreme of burning the entire hive in cases of American Foulbrood. Always consult local beekeeping authorities or experienced beekeepers when dealing with these issues.

Frame Inspection and Maintenance

Regular Frame Checks

The Flow Hive’s unique design includes specially designed frames that allow for easy honey extraction. However, these frames can still sustain damage or wear over time. Regularly inspecting the frames for any signs of damage is a critical part of Flow Hive maintenance.

Damage Identification and Repair

Damage to the Flow Hive frames can come in many forms. Cracks or breakages in the plastic might occur, or the moving parts could become stuck. In many cases, damaged parts can be replaced without needing to purchase an entirely new frame. Timely repair or replacement of damaged parts is crucial to prevent further issues, such as honey leaks or ineffective operation.

Ventilation and Hive Temperature Control

Importance of Proper Ventilation

Ventilation plays a crucial role in maintaining a healthy beehive. Bees control the temperature and humidity inside their hive, and improper ventilation can disrupt this delicate balance. Therefore, ensuring your Flow Hive has adequate ventilation is an essential part of its upkeep.

Achieving Optimum Ventilation

Several factors can influence the ventilation of a Flow Hive, including its orientation, the weather, and the hive’s overall design. The hive entrance should be facing away from prevailing winds, while the roof’s ventilation holes should remain unblocked. During extreme weather conditions, additional measures such as insulating the hive or providing shade may be necessary.

Case Studies of Successful Flow Hive Use

There are many examples of successful Flow Hive use around the world, but here are some of the most inspiring ones:

• In Australia, where Flow Hive was invented, a family of beekeepers has been using it to produce organic honey and educate their community about the importance of bees. They have also donated some of their hives to schools and local groups to promote beekeeping as a hobby and a way to help the environment.
• In Canada, a retired couple has been using Flow Hive to supplement their income and enjoy the benefits of fresh honey. They have also been able to share their honey with their neighbors and friends and even sell some of it at a local farmers’ market. They say that Flow Hive has made beekeeping easier and more enjoyable for them.
• In Kenya, a group of women has been using Flow Hive to empower themselves and improve their livelihoods. They have been able to increase their honey production and quality, and sell it at a higher price. The women have also been able to use the honey for their own health and nutrition, and as a natural remedy for various ailments. They say that Flow Hive has given them more confidence and independence.

Critiques and Controversies Surrounding Flow Hives

Flow Hives have also faced some critiques and controversies from beekeepers and experts who have raised some concerns about their impact on bee health, beekeeping practices, and honey quality. Some of the main issues are:

• Cost: Flow Hives are more expensive than conventional hives, ranging from $500 to over $1000 depending on the model and accessories. Some beekeepers argue that this is not worth the investment, especially for beginners who may not have the skills or experience to maintain a healthy hive.
• Inspection: Flow Hives do not eliminate the need for regular inspection of the hive, which is essential for detecting and preventing diseases, pests, and other problems. Some beekeepers worry that Flow Hives may encourage laziness or neglect among beekeepers who may rely too much on the tap and not open the hive often enough.
• Honeycomb: Flow Hives do not allow the beekeeper to harvest honeycomb, which is a valuable product that has many uses and benefits. Some beekeepers also prefer to let the bees build their own comb rather than using plastic frames, which they believe is more natural and healthy for the bees.
• Honey quality: Flow Hives may affect the quality of honey in terms of flavour, aroma, and nutritional value. Some beekeepers claim that Flow Hives produce less diverse and complex honey than conventional hives, as the honey is harvested in smaller batches and not blended with other frames. Some also question the safety and hygiene of the plastic frames and tubes that may leach chemicals or harbour bacteria.

These are some of the main critiques and controversies surrounding Flow Hives. However, there are also many beekeepers who have positive experiences with Flow Hives and enjoy their convenience and ease of use. Ultimately, the choice of hive depends on the preferences, goals, and values of each individual beekeeper.

Cost-Effectiveness of Flow Hives in Beekeeping

Initial Investment and Long-term Savings

While the initial investment in Flow Hive technology is comparatively high, it’s essential to appreciate that the long-term savings make it a smart financial decision for beekeepers. When assessing the cost-effectiveness of Flow Hives, it’s not merely about the upfront costs, but rather a long-term cost-benefit analysis.

The purchase price of a Flow Hive is typically more than traditional hives, but the absence of additional honey extraction equipment and the labor cost savings can quickly offset this. Traditional honey extraction requires numerous pieces of costly equipment, including extractors, filters, buckets, and other accessories. These costs can add up, whereas with Flow Hive technology, the honey extraction process is integrated into the hive itself. This design reduces the need for the substantial capital investment that traditional honey extraction equipment requires.

Increased Productivity and Profitability

The innovative Flow Hive design allows beekeepers to harvest honey with significantly less disruption to the hive. As a result, beekeepers can often harvest more frequently, resulting in higher honey yields per season. This increase in productivity translates directly into greater profits.

Moreover, the Flow Hive’s ease of use allows even novice beekeepers to harvest honey without needing extensive training or experience. By reducing barriers to entry, Flow Hive technology empowers more people to take up beekeeping, ultimately leading to increased honey production and profitability.

Maintenance Costs and Bee Health

A less apparent but equally important factor when considering the cost-effectiveness of Flow Hives is the potential savings in terms of hive maintenance and bee health. The Flow Hive design minimizes disturbance to the bees during honey extraction, which reduces stress and helps maintain a healthier bee colony.

Traditional honey harvesting can be stressful for bees, potentially leading to lower productivity and increased susceptibility to diseases. Flow Hive, on the other hand, is designed to minimize these issues. The reduced risk of diseases and infections not only ensures healthier colonies but also translates to cost savings. Beekeepers using traditional methods often need to invest in treatments and medications to manage bee diseases, a cost that could be significantly reduced with the use of Flow Hives.

Future Developments in Flow Hive Technology

Innovation is at the heart of what Flow Hive does. Through research and development, they aim to continue to innovate, to improve their customer’s experience and support healthy, thriving bee colonies the world over.

One of the programs they have been working on is exploring new contexts and frontiers in beekeeping. Although Flow Frames were designed for the Western honey bee some beekeeping pioneers are conducting experiments with other varieties of bees and gaining exciting results . For example, they are working with researchers from the University of Tokyo to investigate whether harvesting with Flow Frames reduces absconding behavior in managed native Japanese Honey Bee (Apis cerana japonica) colonies.

Flow Hive has opened up the world of backyard beekeeping to thousands of people around the globe. Now the great potential for boutique and commercial beekeepers is also emerging. They are currently working with boutique and commercial honey producers around the world to optimize Flow Hive honey harvesting for their apiaries – with exciting results .

Benefits of Using a Flow Hive – Conclusion

In conclusion, the benefits of using a Flow Hive in beekeeping are undeniable. The technology simplifies the honey extraction process, promotes better bee health, increases productivity, and is cost-effective in the long run. While there is some maintenance and upkeep required, using a Flow Hive can significantly reduce the workload on beekeepers and result in healthier, happier bees.

If you haven’t considered using a Flow Hive in your beekeeping practice, we strongly encourage you to do so. Not only will it make your life as a beekeeper easier, but it will also lead to a healthier, more productive hive. Remember, sustainable beekeeping practices are essential for the survival of our honeybee populations, and Flow Hive technology is a step in the right direction. Thank you for reading, and happy beekeeping!

Last update on 2024-04-17 / Affiliate links / Images from Amazon Product Advertising API